Eggs start to hatch in late spring. injury in first-year corn and have found WCR adults in adjacent soybean However, do not apply planting time liquid or granular insecticides before May 5. Unless these beetles are unusually abundant, only scattered plants are severely damaged. Within 2 weeks of emergence, females begin to lay eggs, usually toward the end of July, with peak egg laying occurring in early to mid August. For example, if trap captures in a soybean field average 3 Yield reductions may result, especially in corn also suffering from moisture, compaction, or fertility stress. They prefer moist areas, so eggs usually are concentrated in the soil between the rows in irrigated corn. Purdue University is an equal access/equal opportunity university. Seed treatments may not be effective under heavy rootworm pressure. Growers scouting soybean fields using the procedures described here root injury, which may result in lodging and physiological yield However, the effect of sandy soils can be modified by soil moisture. and soybean fields. Western Corn Rootworm Scouting Report Form, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign. Females start laying eggs when they are about two weeks old. Use the chart below to predict the level of Pilcher, Golden Plains Area entomologist, retired. Western corn rootworm beetles can also cause damage by feeding on the green tissue of the leaves. Once pollen shed is completed, they usually migrate in search of other pollen sources, such as later-planted fields or other pollen producing crops. Western Corn Rootworm. Male and female A late maturing corn field can attract large numbers of beetles since neighboring corn may have stopped producing pollen, the beetles' preferred food. root injury that may result in economic loss variesaccording to the The rootworms will float to the top and can be counted. Also, corn hybrids, even of the same maturity, vary to some degree in their time of pollination. Varieties do differ in root development, so select a well adapted to the area that will produce a vigorous root system. Larvae may be found tunneling into larger roots and occasionally in the plant crown. Based on a recent economic analysis, a field should be managed for larval corn rootworm next season if the average number of adult corn rootworm captured (either northern, western or a combination of the two species) exceeds two per card per day (Dunbar and Gassmann 2012). Larger rootworms feed on and tunnel in primary roots. Yield losses due to rootworm feeding are difficult to determine, as many corn varieties can compensate for some root damage. Practices that promote strong root systems and a generally vigorous crop will make corn plants more tolerant to rootworm feeding and damage. CAUTION: This modified procedure should not be used Both sexes of western corn rootworm adults are yellow to green in color with a black stripe along the sides of their wing covers and are about 5/16 inch (7.5 mm) long. Sampling for larvae and adults, as described previously, is imperative to apply the following management guidelines. Treatments to prevent egg laying are recommended when beetle counts exceed 18,000 per acre (three beetles on four plants at 24,000 plants per acre). Because adults and larvae of this species are considered of minor economic importance in the Midwest, the following discussion on damage, sampling, and management guidelines will not include the southern corn rootworm. to make decisions regarding the use of rootworm-control products. Non-Discrimination Statement | CSU Horticulture Agents and Specialists Blog, Columnar and Fastigiate Trees for CO Landscapes, Management-intensive Grazing (MiG) on Irrigated Pasture, Pulse Crops and their Key Role as Staple Foods in Healthful Eating Patterns, Diagnosing Brown Spots in the Lawn with an Irrigation Audit, Integrated Hive Management for Colorado Beekeepers, Management-intensive Grazing (MiG) and Soil Health, Insecticides Used to Control Emerald Ash Borer on Residential Shade Trees, Bed Bug Lookalikes – Bat Bugs and Swallow Bugs in Colorado. For more information on transgenic corn, see Colorado State University Extension fact sheets 0.707, Bt Corn: Health and the Environment and 0.708, Managing Corn Pests with Bt Corn. They are about ¼ inch long. Proper incorporation increases insecticide life, helps the insecticide reach the root zone and lowers the risk to birds, which are very susceptible to most rootworm insecticides. Western corn rootworm larvae feed on root hairs and small roots; larger rootworms feed on primary roots. injury in each fieldscouted, based on the average number of beetles per threshold of 10 beetles per trap per day may result in a root injury of trap per day. Extension programs are available to all without discrimination. occurs with root injury ratings between 3.0 and 4.0. originally affected area (see maps). Thus, rootworm damage may be compounded by root and/or stalk rots. Mating takes place a short time thereafter. Performance of transgenic hybrids should be monitored in a similar fashion. It is recommended Treatments made before 10 percent of females are carrying fertile eggs will not significantly reduce egg laying. Hatch in southern Colorado usually starts in mid-May, while eggs in cooler areas do not hatch until early June. Larval damage is usually most severe after the secondary root system is well established and brace roots are developing. The WCR overwinters in the egg stage. Follow all pollinator protection instructions on the label. An irrigated or otherwise moist sandy soil will not affect rootworm populations as will the same soil under dry conditions. Diagram of Iowa State University 1 to 6 Root Damage Scale. Adult treatments during pollen shed are a significant threat to honey bees. Our physical location is 1311 College Ave, Fort Collins, CO. Having website issues? Rootworm larvae in first-year corn can cause severe View the On-Farm Survey Results of Western Corn Rootworm Larval Damage in Corn after Soybeans. Lower this threshold to 12,000 per acre in first-year corn because a higher proportion of beetles will be egg-laying females. Some roots with feeding scars, but none eaten off to within 1.5 inches of the plant. If you do see beetles in the field, definite counts, using one of the two following scouting methods, should be made immediately. Grain yield losses in Colorado studies have averaged about 10 percent over the last decade. shown yield losses can occur with root ratings between 2.0 and 3.0 reductions. Employment | If bee safety is a significant concern, consider controlling rootworms by crop rotation transgenic hybrid or the application of soil insecticides at planting time or cultivation. It is a good idea to monitor rootworm insecticide performance by leaving an untreated strip in the field. Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conte) is more prevalent because of its increased adaptation to crop rotation and increased continuous corn (Zea mays L.).A 2‐yr field study using seed and soil‐applied insecticide treatments evaluated growth responses of corn to rootworm damage. Each week, count all the If performance is unsatisfactory, then consider switching to a hybrid with a different event(s). Seed may be treated with an insecticide. Therefore, rootworm eggs were not present in corn planted after Disclaimer | The dark background will make it easier to find any of the small white rootworms. Rootworm variants that are “resistant” to 2-year rotations occur in the midwest but have not been reported from Colorado. High adult rootworm populations may interfere with corn plant pollination by severely clipping silks during pollen shed. Although both species can be found in corn-growing areas across the state, only WCR is considered an economic problem.

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