The centromere of human chromosome 15 creates a long arm and a very short arm. mostly DNA & proteins with a small amount of RNA. �����. Select the type of chromosomal abnormality that results in a balanced chromosome. D. a haploid sperm fertilizes a diploid egg. O� � [Content_Types].xml �(� ���n�0E����D'��(,g��21P]3��""�g��ߑdn���5�^3ӫ�����zW��b"2p�떥�����I9��@q5;�6]l`��KQ��R���UX� �W*[E��2(��� /'��R{G�(�NC̦7P�UC��H"4(����Ϋ*��jEL*����o What is the diagnosis? Thus, a normal male karyotype is written as 46,XY, and a normal female karyotype is designated as 46,XX. 45,XB. This karyotype was kindly provided by Chih-Lin Hsieh, Molecular & Clinical Cytogenetics Laboratory, Stanford University Medical Center. 46, XY. A chromosome with two arms of about equal length is called, 4. A cell that has three copies of every chromosome is, 27. The chromosome shorthand _____ is used to designate a normal male. Chromosomes are long segments of genes that carry hereditary information. In the germ-line (the sex cells) the chromosome number is n (humans: n = 23). For this article, we will use females for the karyotype designation (46,XX). 40. Both males and females develop when eggs are incubated at temperatures ranging between those that induce only single-sex development. Therefore this chromosome is, Which type of cell could not be used for karyotyping, Amniocentesis cannot be used to detect fetal, Chorionic villus sampling differs from amniocentesis that for CVS, a karyotype is prepared directly from collected cells, CVS cannot detect inborn errors of metabolism because, Illustrations that show chromosome arm major regions, A karyotype with an extra set of chromosomes indicate, A cell that has 3 copies of every chromosome is, Cells that have an extra 21st chromosome are, A man with trisomy 21 could pass Down Syndrome to offspring if he, produces sperm that have two copies of chromosome 21, The meiotic error that results in aneuploid cells is, Only nine types of aneuploids are known in newborns because, most types of anueploids are lethal early in development, In humans, the most frequently seen autosomal aneuploid is, Aneuploidy may occur in some cells of an individual if nondisjunction happens in, Which of these has never been observed in a viable human birth, Most males born with an extra Y chromosome, This syndrome can only result from nondisjunction in the male and female, A chromosome inversion that doesn't include the centromere is, A chromosome that results when the centromere splits in the wrong plane during meiosis, forming identical arms is a, The type of chromosome abnormality that yields a long chromosome consisting of most of two acrocentric chromosomes is a, A karyotype that uses FISH that shows 2 chromosomes, each with two colors, but in the opposite patterns most likely indicates a, Uniparental disomy results when a child inherits, two alleles for the same gene from one parent, The chromosome shorthand ______ is used to designate a normal male, A chromosome must include all of the following except, utilizes XIST to silence the extra chromosomes. C. it is done too late in the pregnancy. 47, XX, +21. The zygote is diploid, meaning that it contains two sets of chromosomes. The chromosome shorthand _____ is used to designate a normal male. The male gametes, or sperm cells, in humans and other mammals are heterogametic and contain one of two types of sex chromosomes. 38. C. it is done too late in the pregnancy. Karyotype for trisomy Down syndrome. There are 22 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) and one pair of sex chromosomes. In these species, fertilization determines sex. If an X sperm cell fertilizes an egg, the resulting zygote will be XX, or female. 3. 46,XX . The technique called fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) uses. Most males born with an extra Y chromosome. Females who inherit an affected X chromosome from either mother or father are carriers for the disease. have at least 500 protein-encoding genes. Two X chromosomes are needed for the development of fully functioning ovaries. The normal male karyotype is 46,XY. 17. A. Gametes are also called sex cells. Aneuploidy may occur in only some cells of an individual if nondisjunction happens in. B. it is done too early in the pregnancy. A. produces sperm that have two copies of chromosome 21. Sex Chromosomes … 46,XX C. 46,XY D. 47,XXY 16. Whether you are a male or female depends on the presence or absence of certain chromosomes. The female is diploid and contains two sets of chromosomes, while the male is haploid. A. The sex chromosomes are the X chromosome and the Y chromosome. The centromere of human chromosome 15 creates a long arm and a very short arm. If a sperm cell containing an X chromosome fertilizes an egg, the resulting zygote will be XX, or female. In human sexual reproduction, two distinct gametes fuse to form a zygote. The chromosome shorthand _____ is used to designate a normal male. chromosomally abnormal female.C. They are composed of DNA and proteins and are located within the nucleus of our cells. What about animals like most kinds of wasps, bees, and ants that have no sex chromosomes? To specify structurally altered chromosomes, single and three letter abbreviations are used. B. DNA probes with attached fluorescent molecules that indicate specific DNA sequences. Types of Fertilization in Sexual Reproduction: A.S., Nursing, Chattahoochee Technical College. Chorionic villus sampling reveals that a fetus has the karyotype 45, X. PK ! Genetics Exam 4- Chapter 13 Chromosomes Flashcards | Quizlet _____ are illustrations that show chromosome arm and major regions. To prepare this display, a photograph of metaphase chromosomes was cut into pieces and the individual images assembled in homologous pairs. 15. Spindle fibers (microtubules) attach to chromosomes __________ during mitosis. 16. Chorionic villus sampling reveals a fetus has the karyotype 47, XYY. it is done too early in the pregnancy.C. What is the diagnosis? Most males born with an extra Y chromosome. A non-fertilized egg may develop into a male. 46, XY. Sexual Reproduction Advantages and Disadvantages, Plant Life Cycle: Alternation of Generations. Notice the three copies of chromosome 21. The chromosome shorthand _____ is used to designate a normal male. 35. What is the diagnosis? Females of these species are ZW, and males are ZZ. YO male. it is done too late in the pregnancy.D. Adult males lack the Y sex chromosome that humans have and have only an X chromosome. ", A Genetics Definition of Homologous Chromosomes. The description of any human karyotype begins with two basic components separated by a comma; the total number of chromosomes is listed first, followed by the sex chromosome complement. 16. B. mostly DNA and proteins with a small amount of RNA. Therefore, this chromosome is. 29. a child with an autosomal recessive condition who has one wild type parent and one carrier parent. Punctuation is very important in cytogenetic nomenclature. chromosomally normal male.D. If the sperm cell contains a Y chromosome, then the resulting zygote will be XY, or male. Which type of cell could not be used for karyotyping? They produce sperm cells that contain either an X chromosome or no sex chromosome, which is designated as O. The pattern is diagnostic for each of the chromosomes, and this permits the positive identification of chromosomes that are otherwise similar in size and shape. Birds, some insects such as butterflies, frogs, snakes, and some species of fish have a different system for determining sex. kinetochores. B. two alleles for the same gene from one parent. Human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46. In these animals, it is the female gamete that determines the sex of an individual. 46,XX C. 46,XY D. 47,XXY 16. Sex chromosome, either of a pair of chromosomes that determine whether an individual is male or female. Loss of what part(s) of the chromosome can lead to ring formation? Individuals that lack a Y chromosome (XO or XX) develop female gonads, or ovaries. C. 46,XY. CVS cannot detect inborn errors of metabolism because A. it does not sample amniotic fluid.B. C. a karyotype is prepared directly from collected cells. They contain only one set of chromosomes and are thus said to be haploid.The male gamete, called the spermatozoan, is relatively motile and usually has a flagellum. Genes located on the X chromosome are called X-linked genes, and these genes determine X sex-linked traits. 47,XXY 16. A male missing part of the long arm of chromosome 7. 36. 39. 23. D. repeated genes that encode ribosomal RNAs and proteins. If an egg becomes fertilized, it will develop into a female. A karyotype with an extra set of chromosomes indicates. Which of these has never been observed in a viable human birth? 2. B. it is done too early in the pregnancy. Uniparental disomy results when a child inherits. So, in normal diploid organisms, autosomal chromosomes are present in two copies. Aneuploidy may occur in some cells of an individual if nondisjunction happens in. The first known sketches of human chromosomes were drawn in, 20. Because males have only one X chromosome, the altered trait would always be expressed in males. C. 46,XYD. If an X sperm cell fertilizes an egg, the resulting zygote will be XX, or female. Chorionic Villus Sampling reveals that a fetus has the karyotype 47, XX, +21. The females are XX and produce egg cells that contain an X chromosome. Trisomy 21 (47,XY,+21) … B. most types of aneuploids are lethal early in development. (Now, with computer imaging, the assembly process can be done electronically.). CVS cannot detect inborn errors of metabolism because. There may, or may not, be sex chromosomes. _____ syndrome can only result from non-disjunction in the male and female. In the earliest karyotypes, chromosomes were distinguished by, 21. Males inheriting one affected X chromosome from the mother and, less commonly, females inheriting an affected X chromosome from both mother and father experience the disease. _____ syndrome can only result from non-disjunction in the male and female. 32. Karyotype of a Normal Human Male. chromosomally abnormal male. Chromosomes in karyotypes are arranged and ordered by, 10. 26. Sperm cells carry either an X or Y sex chromosome. … D. Elevated hCG and inhibin A and deficient AFP, estradiol, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, 19.

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