For Moses threatened all idolaters with hunger and distress, and yet he—Ahab-was faring very well. [1], During his early adulthood, the Jews were expelled from this area. The Haggadah which makes this prophet the hero of its description has not been content, as in the case of others, to describe merely his earthly life and to elaborate it in its own way, but has created a new history of him, which, beginning with his death or "translation," ends only with the close of the history of the human race. Certain Islamic authorities confound Elijah with Al-Khiḍr (= "the green" or "fresh one"), famous in Mohammedan literature on account of his having discovered the fountain of perpetual youth. 24, 25, Cracow, 1896, which contains an interesting narrative of Elijah's meeting with the father of Ba'al Shem-Ṭob). Elijah, till then Anan's teacher and friend, deserted him from that moment, because, through his carelessness, judgment had been biased (Ket. His real Messianic activity—in some passages he is even called "go'el" (="redeemer"; compare Friedmann, l.c. ), but since the location of paradise is itself uncertain, the last two statements may be identical. König, "Einleitung ins Alte Testament," p. 264). 165). After the election of Elisha (xix. Elijah disappeared (Rabb. The various histories of Israel, including those of Guthe (1899) and Winckler (1900); H. Gunkel, Der Prophet Elia, in Preussische Jahrbücher, 1897, pp. In the same cave where God once appeared to Moses and revealed Himself as gracious and merciful, Elijah was summoned to appear before God. Elijah appeared to many while they were awake, and this in various ways. Elijah, they say, will appear on the last day, and either he or one of his descendants will await, in the interior of a mountain, the second coming of the Messiah. 45b; Ab. The taking of Elijah into heaven or supramundane regions did not mean his severance from this world; on the contrary, his real activity then began. 29) are not a proof of such origin, although the latter preposition is often used by preference in the post-exilic period. Elijah, also spelled Elias or Elia, Hebrew Eliyyahu, (flourished 9th century bce), Hebrew prophet who ranks with Moses in saving the religion of Yahweh from being corrupted by the nature worship of Baal. viii. 17-28; II Kings i. 12. et seq. Before they continued their journey next morning, the rabbi heard Elijah pray that God might destroy the poor man's cow, and before they had left the hospitable house the cow was dead. To the pious, Elijah is in many cases a guardian angel, for whom no place is too remote, and who leaves nothing undone to help them in their distress or to save them from misery. When, toward the middle of the fourteenth century, the Cabala received new prominence in Palestine, Elijah again took a leading part. 32b). viii. ), because like a bird he flies through the world and appears where a sudden divine interference is necessary (Midr. ; see also Ber. Carmel. 161; Elijah as the "good messenger of salvation" is a frequent figure in the apocalyptic midrashim). Having heard that the other prophets of Yhwh were also persecuted, he requested King Ahab to gather the people of Israel, the 450 priests of Baal, and the 400 prophets of Ashtaroth on Mt. Some think "'ore-bim" (ravens) refers to the inhabitants of Oreb (Gen. R. xxxviii. Amsterdam), seems nevertheless to be very old (see Epiphanius, l.c. Yhwh was recognized by Israel, and the priests of Baal were slain near the brook Kishon (I Kings xviii. Many characteristics of wandering deities and heroes like those of Buddha, of Zeus, and of Thor and Wodan who were believed to wander about the earth to test the piety and hospitality of the people, hence also those of Khiḍr, the Arabic legendary hero, were incorporated in the history of Elijah. Buber, near end). Only after the prophet had convinced him that his sacrifice would also be for the glorification of Godcould the priests of Baal lead him to the altar (Tan., ed. x. 7b). Carmel. But Jesus makes it clear that John the Baptist is "the Elijah" who was promised to come in Malachi 3:1 in the Septuagint. 125). 118, 725, Berlin, 1858; Nork, Etymologisches Mythologisches Wörterbuch, s.v. The three following measures were suggested: the appointing of a foreign enemy of Israel; the anointing of an Israelitic rival king to Ahab's dynasty; and the anointing of Elisha to continue the spiritual work of the prophet. Teh. iii. 13, § 2). Elijah the precursor of the Messiah, Elijah zealous in the cause of God. Baal!" 40d; see also Ket. ; compare, however, Josephus, "Ant." Elijah the helper in distress—these are the three leading notes struck by the Haggadah, endeavoring to complete the Biblical picture with the Elijah legends. One of his friends built a vestibule, whereby the poor were at a disadvantage in that their petitioning voices could be heard in the house only with great difficulty; as a result Elijah never came to him again (B. xlvii. 21, 26). xviii. Elijah(/ɪˈlaɪdʒə/ih-LY-jə; Hebrew: אֵלִיָּהוּ‎, Eliyahu, meaning "My Godis Yahweh/YHWH") or Greek form Elias(/ɪˈlaɪəs/ih-LY-əs)[a]was, according to the Books of Kingsin the Hebrew Bible, a prophetand a miracle workerwho lived in the northern kingdom of Israelduring the reign of King Ahab(9th century BC). 314 ; Epiphanius elia hebrew `` the Antichrist legend, first found in nissim ben Jacob 's `` Ḥibbur Yafeh,... 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